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| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
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| Michael E. Baker. |
| 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 (11[beta]-HSD2) regulates the local concentration of cortisol that can activate the glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor, as well as the concentration of 11-keto-testosterone, the active androgen in fish. Similarly, 17[beta]-HSD2 regulates the levels of testosterone and estradiol that activate the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor, respectively. Interestingly, although human 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2 act at different positions on different steroids, these enzymes are paralogs. Despite the physiological importance of 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2, details of their origins and divergence from a common ancestor are not known. An opportunity to understand their evolution is... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4649/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; David J. Chang. |
| The origins of signaling by vertebrate steroids are not fully understood. An important advance was the report that an estrogen-binding steroid receptor [SR] is present in amphioxus, a basal chordate with a similar body plan as vertebrates. To investigate the evolution of estrogen binding to steroid receptors, we constructed a 3D model of amphioxus SR complexed with estradiol. This 3D model indicates that although the SR is activated by estradiol, some interactions between estradiol and human ER[alpha] are not conserved in the SR, which can explain the low affinity of estradiol for the SR. These differences between the SR and ER[alpha] in the steroid-binding domain are sufficient to suggest that another steroid is the physiological regulator of the SR.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3316/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; Kayla Y. Uh; Paiyuam Asnaashari. |
| The serum of Atlantic sea lamprey, a basal vertebrate, contains two corticosteroids, 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone. Only 11-deoxycortisol has high affinity [Kd~3 nM] for the corticoid receptor [CR] in lamprey gill cytosol. To investigate the binding of 11-deoxycortisol to the CR, we constructed 3D models of lamprey CR complexed with 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone. These 3D models reveal that Leu-220 and Met-299 in lamprey CR have contacts with the 17[alpha]-hydroxyl on 11-deoxycortisol. Lamprey CR is the ancestor of the mineralocorticoid receptor [MR] and glucocorticoid receptor [GR]. Unlike human MR and human GR, the 3D model of lamprey CR finds a van der Waals contact between Cys-227 in helix 3 and Met-264 in helix 5. Mutant... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6216/version/1 |
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| Mark Conyers. |
| Standard texts dutifully list 16 essential elements for plant growth, yet the literature indicates that the boundary between essential and nonessential nutrients for plants is not always clear. When animals and 'lower' organisms are considered, the team of 16 is considerably expanded and the notion of essentiality is blurred. Why are some elements more important than others to plants and to organisms in general? Here I propose three criteria by which elements might have been selected in the development of organisms: low atomic weight, at least modest abundance, and ease of assembly into complex structures. Assembly of the structural elements C, N, S, P, and O is based on valency and ionic potential. The selection of monovalent elements... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Earth & Environment; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3223/version/1 |
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| Tomohiko Konno. |
| Natural selection is often regarded as a result of severe competition. Defect seems beneficial for a single individual in many cases.However, cooperation is observed in many levels of biological systems ranging from single cells to animals, including human society. We have yet known that in unstructured populations, evolution favors defectors over cooperators. On the other hand, there have been much interest on evolutionary games^1,2^ on structured population and on graphs^3-16^. Structures of biological systems and societies of animals can be taken as networks. They discover that network structures determine results of the games. Together with the recent interest of complex networks^17,18^, many researchers investigate real network structures. Recently... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3028/version/1 |
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| Ran Blekhman. |
| RNA-seq technology facilitates the study of gene expression at the level of individual exons and transcripts. Moreover, RNA-seq enables unbiased comparative analysis of expression levels across species. Such analyses typically start by mapping sequenced reads to the appropriate reference genome before comparing expression levels across species. However, this comparison requires prior knowledge of orthology at the exon level. With this in mind, I constructed a database of orthologous exons across three primate species (human, chimpanzee, and rhesus macaque). The database facilitates cross-species comparative analysis of exon- and transcript-level regulation. A web application allowing for an easy database query: http://giladlab.uchicago.edu/orthoExon/ |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7054/version/1 |
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| Taras K. Oleksyk. |
| The genome of the Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) has been sequenced and assembled in an international collaboration supported by many individual donations from the people of Puerto Rico. This is a critically endangered endemic bird, the only surviving native parrot species in the territory of the United States, and the first parrot belonging to the large genus Amazona to have its genome sequenced and assembled. A genome of one A. vittata female was sequenced resulting in a total of almost 42.5 billion nucleotide bases equivalent to 26.89X average coverage depth. After filtering out the short fragments (<500bp), the assembly resulted in 259,423 short fragment library contigs, half of them (N50) of at least 6,983 bp in length, with a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6552/version/1 |
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| Aviv de Morgan; Leonid Brodsky; Yefim Ronin; Eviatar Nevo; Abraham Korol; Yechezkel Kashi. |
| The association between transcription and DNA repair is acknowledged as a player in the generation of mutations in a non-random fashion in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Previous studies demonstrated that the transcription complex is capable of directing DNA repair to sites of transcription. This process is especially important to growth-arrested cells, in which many DNA repair capacities are diminished; it may also lead to mutations preferentially in transcribed genes. Using microarray analysis of growth-arrested yeast cultures, we demonstrated on a genomic scale, the co-localization of a DNA-turnover marker, indicative of DNA-repair-associated DNA synthesis, with genes persistently transcribed during stationary phase. This may serve as a clue regarding the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1543/version/1 |
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| BaoDe Chen; WeiYi Xu; Chen Yu; ZhenYun Ni; XueFen Li; DaWei Cui. |
| Background: Obesity promotes progression to microalbuminuria and increases the risk of chronic kidney disease. Current protocols of screening microalbuminuria are not recommended for the overweight or obese.

Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The relationship between metabolic risk factors and microalbuminuria was investigated. A regression model based on metabolic risk factors was developed and evaluated for predicting microalbuminuria in the overweight or obese.

Results: The prevalence of MA reached up to 17.6% in Chinese overweight men. Obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia were the important risk factors for microalbuminuria in the overweight.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5372/version/1 |
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| Niccolo Caldararo. |
| The recently published Altai fossil sequence from Denisova Cave was purported to be so different from anatomically modern humans, yet have the physiological landmarks of that species designation. When the published sequence was examined it was found that segments in the mtDNA hypervariable regions could be found to align with that of anatomically modern humans if one introduced an insertion at a position found in Neanderthals. Some other points of interest arise from a reconsideration of the sequences for other published samples and Neanderthals from the same perspective. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5360/version/1 |
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| Niccolo Caldararo; Michael Guthrie. |
| The recently published Altai fossil sequence from Denisova Cave was purported to be so different from anatomically modern humans, yet have the physiological landmarks of that species designation. When the published sequence was examined it was found that segments in the mtDNA hypervariable regions could be found to align with that of anatomically modern humans if one introduced an insertion at a position found in Neanderthals. Some other points of interest arise from a reconsideration of the sequences for other published samples and Neanderthals from the same perspective. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5360/version/3 |
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| Niccolo Caldararo; Michael Guthrie. |
| The recently published Altai fossil sequence from Denisova Cave was purported to be so different from anatomically modern humans, yet have the physiological landmarks of that species designation. When the published sequence was examined it was found that segments in the mtDNA hypervariable regions could be found to align with that of anatomically modern humans if one introduced an insertion at a position found in Neanderthals. Some other points of interest arise from a reconsideration of the sequences for other published samples and Neanderthals from the same perspective. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5360/version/4 |
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| Niccolo Caldararo; Michael Guthrie. |
| The recently published Altai fossil sequence from Denisova Cave was purported to be so different from anatomically modern humans, yet have the physiological landmarks of that species designation. When the published sequence was examined it was found that segments in the mtDNA hypervariable regions could be found to align with that of anatomically modern humans if one introduced an insertion at a position found in Neanderthals. Some other points of interest arise from a reconsideration of the sequences for other published samples and Neanderthals from the same perspective. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5360/version/2 |
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| Wriddhiman Ghosh; Prabir Haldar; Sabyasachi Bhattacharya; Jaideb Chatterjee; Prosenjit Pyne; Masrure Alam. |
| The theory envisaging the origin of plastids from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria is well-established but it is difficult to explain the evolution (spread) of plastids in phylogenetically diverse plant groups. It is widely believed that primordial endosymbiosis occurred in the last common ancestor of all algae^1^, which then diverged into the three primary photosynthetic eukaryotic lineages, viz. the Rhodophyta (red algae), Glaucocystophyta (cyanelle-containing algae) and Viridiplantae (green algae plus all land plants)^2^. Members of these three groups invariably have double membrane-bound plastids^3^, a property that endorses the primary endosymbiotic origin of the organelles. On the other hand, the three or four membrane-bound plastids of the evolutionary... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6607/version/1 |
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| Robert M. Sinclair. |
| Using a novel method, we show that ordered triplets of motifs usually associated with spliceosomal intron recognition are underrepresented in the protein coding sequence of complete Thermotogae, archaeal and bacterial genomes. The underrepresentation observed does not extend to the noncoding strand, suggesting that the cause of the asymmetry is related to mRNA rather than DNA. Our data do not suggest that the underrepresentation is due to gene transfer from eukaryotes. We speculate that one possible explanation for these observations is that the protein coding sequence of Thermotogae, Archaea and Bacteria was at some time in the past subjected to selection against certain motifs appearing in an order which might initiate splicing in environments harboring... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5770/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 383 | |
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